THIS ANALYSIS HAS BEEN REPLACED WITH THE COMPLETE MEANING BEHIND THE MONTICELLO CARD

Many crimes have been suggested as possible Zodiac attacks, too numerous to mention, so sometimes the only course of action is to analyze murders and disappearances with commonalities, employing geographical profiling and possible routes or thoroughfares used by the killer. In a previous article we noticed several such events that occurred along two main travel routes, extending all the way from the Highway 132 abduction of Kathleen Johns on March 22nd 1970 to the disappearance of Donna Lass from South Lake Tahoe on September 6th 1970. One direct route encompassing Interstate 5 and Interstate 80 passes Sacramento, the scene of three murders in 1970, often mentioned in Zodiac circles.

Judith Hakari was a nurse at Sutter Hospital, who disappeared heading back to the Markston Apartments on March 7th 1970, her body eventually discovered just off Interstate 80. Nancy Bennallack was murdered on October 25th 1970 in her apartment, a residence close to Interstate 80. Carol Beth Hilburn was murdered on November 14th 1970, again extremely close to Interstate 80. This thoroughfare has strong connections with the Bay Area, passing straight through the heart of Vallejo.
To examine these connections in greater detail visit: 
​http://www.zodiacciphers.com/zodiac-news/cruising-the-interstate.

Two years ago, a link was forged between the 30 year old murder case of Koy Ien Saechao (48) and Choy Fow Salee (40) and the possible 1986 Zodiac letter, so here we will attempt to do the same with another suspected Zodiac correspondence, regarding the case of missing Denise Kathleen Anderson, although in this case we have very little information to work with.
Denise Kathleen Anderson (22), who resided in Sacramento, was last seen on April 13th 1971 by her roommates at approximately 05.30 am- and as of writing her disappearance still remains a mystery- although foul play is suspected. Bearing in mind the Interstate 80 route from Sacramento to South Lake Tahoe, we have disappearances and murders on March 7th 1970, September 6th 1970, October 25th 1970 and November 14th 1970, of Hakari, Lass, Bennallack and Hilburn respectively. Three of which occurred very close to their apartments. What occurred with Denise Kathleen Anderson after last being seen by her roommates is unknown, but her disappearance (and possible murder) again took place in Sacramento, near Interstate 80, only five months after the murder of Carol Beth Hilburn and exactly one month after the Zodiac 'Los Angeles' letter mailed on March 13th 1971, claiming 17+ victims. In this correspondence Zodiac stated "If the Blue Meannies are evere going to catch me, they had best get off their fat asses + do something. Because the longer they fiddle + fart around, the more slaves I will collect for my after life."
The question is, was Denise Kathleen Anderson one of them. With so little to go on, we may never know, but exactly three months later on July 13th 1971 a potential Zodiac correspondence, listed in the FBI files, was received by the San Francisco Chronicle, described as a picture with pasted letters. The wording read: 
'Near Monticello Shought Victims 21 ...... In The Woods Dies April'
The first thing that needed answering was whether April was the name of the victim or the month of the murder.
Using the age range Zodiac was known to have targeted, no woman bearing the name April could be unearthed and the April 11th 1971 murder of Kathy Bilek was attributed to Karl Francis Werner, who was responsible for the double murder of Kathy Snoozy and Deborah Furlong. However, the disappearance of Denise Kathleen Anderson has yet to be resolved.

The next thing to determine was 'near Monticello'.
The southern section of Monticello Road is only 16 miles from Vallejo and 2.4 miles from the Main Street payphone, where the Zodiac Killer placed his second phone call to police after the double stabbing and murder at Lake Berryessa. Interstate 80 travels from Sacramento towards Vallejo, and skirts past Monticello Road only 13 miles to the southeast.  
Had the Zodiac headed from Sacramento to Vallejo after abducting Denise Kathleen Anderson and exited Interstate 80 at the closest point to Monticello Road, it would be a mere 6 miles to a notable section of Wooden Valley Road. This area is surrounded by dense woods, the perfect attack/disposal site for a serial killer, and being only 7 miles shy of Monticello Road would certainly fit the criteria of being 'near Monticello'.  
Monticello Road heads northwards to Lake Berryessa, now covering the land mass once known as the town of Monticello, flooded over by the damming of Putah Creek in 1957. Any reference to Monticello by the Zodiac Killer would not be surprising, based on his previous historical references within his correspondence, namely The Mikado, and bearing in mind his third attack on Cecelia Shepard and Bryan Hartnell at Lake Berryessa.   
This connection may not be as strong as the Sacramento double murder of Koy Ien Saechao and Choy Fow Salee on April 22nd 1986, and the accompanying 1986 Zodiac correspondence, however, we have a dense wooded area just off Interstate 80, en route from Sacramento to Vallejo, near Monticello, and a woman's disappearance in April, in accordance with the noted timeline of three previous murders in 1970.
Regardless of whether this is a Zodiac crime, it is yet another tragedy for the family and friends of Denise Kathleen Anderson who badly need answers in this long overdue cold case. If you can help please contact the Sacramento Police Department.​

Kathleen Johns was supposedly abducted by the Zodiac Killer on March 22nd 1970, but what really happened on Highway 132 late that night? The first thing to examine is the very beginning when Kathleen accepted a lift from a complete stranger.

In the Robert Graysmith book, in her first contact with the man on Highway 132 she said "he seemed like a reliable person. Nobody that looked in anyway freaky", and continued "I really wouldn't have gotten in his car if I had had any bad vibes about it." It is therefore unusual that as they pulled away she remembered that she had left her keys in the ignition of her 1957 Chevrolet, which the man offered to and ultimately retrieved for her. According to the book "the man went back to the car, snapped off the lights and pocketed the keys". If Kathleen Johns had observed this, then why wouldn't she simply ask the man for the keys when he returned, after all, he seemed amiable up to this point? These keys were never recovered from the burnt out vehicle or from Kathleen Johns.

In most crimes, particularly regarding eyewitness testimony, it is imperative to retrieve information while memories are stronger. Often years later, such as the Robert Graysmith book 'Zodiac', memories have often faded or have become embellished with fiction as our minds attempt to fill in the gaps. So let us take a look at the police report detailing the interview with Kathleen Johns immediately following the abduction in the early hours of March 23rd 1970. It states the complainant approximated the beginning of the abduction at 11:15 pm, followed by a one, to one and a half hour drive around the outskirts of Tracy, CA, before she managed to escape into a nearby field back alongside Highway 132. According to Robert Graysmith, a semi-truck arrived and forced her abductor to drive off into the night, followed a short time later by "some people from Missouri" who drove Kathleen to Patterson Police Station, located approximately 20 minutes away from Highway 132 and recorded by the Sheriff's Department at 2:30 am.

This, however, places a serious strain on the timeline. Even a 90 minute abduction, a 20 minute journey to the police station and an extra 15 minutes thrown in for good measure, giving a total of 125 minutes (2 hours and 5 minutes), leaves us a heavy shortfall. An 11:15 pm abduction, plus 125 minutes, takes us to 1:20 am, not 2:30 am as recorded on the police statement. This has subsequently been padded out in the Robert Graysmith book to an abduction occurring close to midnight and an abduction lasting 2-3 hours, a massive change from the original police report that only sears holes in the validity of this account, or at the very least raises serious questions.

It seems inconceivable that a young woman would torch her own vehicle in the early hours of a cold March 23rd 1970 in the middle of nowhere, endangering not only herself and the lives of her unborn child and 10-month-old daughter Jennifer, to concoct a story of abduction, particularly at the hands of the Zodiac Killer. To deliberately interject herself into the Zodiac story for material gain would rely heavily on the Zodiac sketch being conveniently displayed on the wall of the Patterson Police Station for her to say "that's the man who abducted me", and presumably a police station she had previously never visited.

Interviewing Officer Charles McNatt would describe Kathleen Johns as screaming and hysterical, which no doubt she would be after her terrifying ordeal: "On the morning of 23rd March 1970, at about 02:30 hours Mrs Kathleen Johns was brought to the Patterson Police Department in a hysterical condition". All the more strange then, that the "people from Missouri" who picked her up, failed to accompany her into the police station to give her some moral support, particularly after going out of their way and driving her 20 minutes to the police station in the first place.

The depiction of this crime in many documentaries has led us to believe that Kathleen Johns wheel came off after being sabotaged by a 'good Samaritan', but there is no evidence to corroborate this. In fact, the opposite is true. In the police report it states that Mr Reed of 'Reed and Son Towing Services' found that "the right rear wheel had had only two lug bolts on it and both of these lug bolts were very loose. Mr Reed advised that he took two of the lug bolts from the right front wheel and put them on the back wheel and tightened the lug bolts up prior to towing the vehicle to his shop on Highway 50".  The responsible had loosened the lug bolts but the wheel never actually detached from her vehicle - and Mr Reed makes no mention of retrieving a wheel along with its missing lug nuts, and reattaching it to Kathleen Johns car. The only thing that flew off her vehicle was the hubcap, dislodged by the instability of the wheel. A hubcap was later retrieved and dusted for fingerprints.

Another thing that did not happen that night, are claims that her vehicle was found burnt out at a different location to where she was abducted. This is a fiction straight from the book of Robert Graysmith. If we take a look at passages from the 'Zodiac' book, it states that Kathleen Johns was offered a lift "not more than a quarter of a mile away was an ARCO service station". Kathleen, according to Robert Graysmith's book, had been pulled over by the edge of Maze Road near Interstate 5. Deputy Lovett was incorrect in stating the vehicle was found 2 miles east of Interstate 5, but was corrected in Detective Bauer's report which indicated the burnt vehicle was located west of Interstate 5, further confirmed by Mr Reed from 'Reed and Son Towing Services' stating he "towed the vehicle in from Highway 132, just east of Bird Road". East of Bird Road is west of Interstate 5. See here on Google Maps. If we drop down to street level we see the vineyards that Kathleen Johns eventually escaped into, meaning she actually ended up in very close proximity to where she was abducted.​

On the left we see the approximate location of the ARCO service station (marked in red) and the location of Kathleen Johns burnt out vehicle (marked in blue), both west of Interstate 5. In fact, in Robert Graysmith's book, Kathleen Johns describes seeing the ARCO sevice station in the distance, "not more than a quarter of a mile away", when in fact it was over two miles away.

If Deputy Lovett was correct in stating the vehicle was found 2 miles east of Interstate 5, then Kathleen Johns would have been pulled over by her assailant nearly 5 miles from the ARCO station and clearly out of visible range.

As Gian Quasar points out in the excellent Quester Files here: "when she escaped from “The ZODIAC” into the fields she plainly described them as vineyards (Graysmith). The only vineyards around 132 are at Bird Road. They are still there today. The only thing Johns has ever been able to clearly describe is the immediate area of where she initially stopped. No other place." The police report stated "Mrs Johns then got to a roadway or highway, this part is not clear to undersigned or to the Stanislaus Deputy, Mr Lovett, but finally did get back on highway or near Highway 132, where she was given a ride by some people from Missouri".

In essence, the abductor took Kathleen Johns on a 1-2 hour journey around the outskirts of Tracy, before eventually returning her to exactly the same location she was abducted, where her vehicle was burnt out and where she escaped into the vineyards. Of all the places to escape, just where your car was originally left. That could be interpreted as cynical, but it begs the question that something about this story doesn't sit well, as it contains so many inconsistencies that all cannot be attributed to hysteria. Since Kathleen Johns was discovered by the vineyards of Bird Road close to where her vehicle was 'abandoned', there is no way the abductor could have driven immediately from this location to her vehicle and set it ablaze, as this would have been noticed by, not only Kathleen Johns, but by the occupants of the vehicle that rescued her, who obviously were traveling along Highway 132 before spotting the semi-truck and the stricken Johns. There was clearly no mention of her vehicle being on fire in the police report prior to its discovery by Deputy Lovett. This can only mean one thing - that Zodiac was likely observing from a distance until the rescue and removal of Kathleen Johns from the area, before he torched her vehicle.

The Zodiac Killer would eventually lay claim to the abduction on July 24th 1970: "This is the Zodiac speaking.
I am rather unhappy because you people will not wear some nice ( Zodiac symbol inserted )  buttons.  So now I have a little list, starting with that woeman + her baby that I gave a rather intersting ride for a coupple howers one evening a few months back that ended in my burning her car where I found them". But was it really Zodiac?

Possible timeline;
11.15 pm- Kathleen Johns flagged down by suspect. 
11.20 pm- Kathleen Johns accepts lift from suspect. 
01.50 am- After 2 hours and 30 minutes driving around Tracy, CA, Kathleen Johns escapes into vineyard.
01.55 am- Semi-truck arrives, Kathleen Johns reluctant to seek help from the male driver.
02.00 am- Second vehicle arrives with female occupant and rescues Kathleen Johns.
02.30 am- Kathleen Johns arrives at Patterson PD.
03.00 am- Deputy Lovett locates smoldering vehicle of Kathleen Johns.

It has been often stated that many serial killers begin their activity close to home, before gaining in confidence and venturing further afield, so it may be the case that the crimes at Lake Herman Road and Blue Rock Springs Park may reveal the most about the Zodiac Killer. Many, if not most people, believe the killer to be a native Vallejoan or at the very least have strong ties to the area. But what are the clues.
Some have questioned the Zodiac Killer's inability to name Blue Rock Springs during the first phone call as an indication of his lack of knowledge of the area, yet his directional sense in the first three letters he mailed to the newspapers and the directions he issued in the Blue Rock Springs phone call, were in essence correct. The caller after BRS spoke the following words in a monotone, rehearsed fashion, "I wish to report a double murder. If you will go one mile east on Columbus Parkway to the public park, you will find the kids in a brown car. They have been shot with a 9 mm Luger. I also killed those kids last year.... Good-bye"
Many Zodiac enthusiasts and police officials have questioned the directional accuracy of the Zodiac phone call. Read or heard without breaks, give the impression that the directions given by Zodiac are incorrect, however, despite his distances being off slightly, simply adding a comma or pause changes the whole meaning of the phone call. Nancy Slover, the police dispatcher, attempted to talk over Zodiac to acquire details and in addition had to recall the phone conversation word for word, in context, at a later time, so we can assume it may not have been the original message verbatim.
Let us add the breaks or pauses into the passage, and other than 'one mile east', which should be approximately 2 miles east from the police station (see here), the rest is pretty much correct.  "I wish to report a double murder. If you will go one mile east...... on Columbus Parkway to the public park, you will find the kids in a brown car. They have been shot with a 9 mm Luger. I also killed those kids last year.... Good-bye."  The Zodiac was either not a master of the English language or toyed with authorities, so unless Nancy Slover recalled the message slightly incorrectly, then ideally the phrase should have read "on Columbus Parkway 'by' the public park, you will find the kids in a brown car."
Considering Zodiac's compass accuracy at Lake Herman Road and Presidio Heights (Bus Bomb letter), it is highly doubtful he was was suggesting Blue Rock Springs Park was east on Columbus Parkway and the likely answer can be found in a misinterpretation and misrepresentation of the phone call under stressful conditions.

Bearing in mind Zodiac likely had a map at his residence, to add compass directions in his July 31st 1969 letters and to give rudimentary directions to Nancy Slover from the payphone, is not an indicator either way on his links to the area, as is his failure to describe Blue Rock Springs by name.
Having prior knowledge of Lake Herman Road and Blue Rock Springs Park as a magnet for courting couples, apparently suggests a connection with the area, and while that may be true, it may be a historical one and not applicable to his current residency.
However, the phone call itself is confounding, relayed to Nancy Slover at 12.40 am, 40 minutes after the Zodiac left the crime scene- despite the journey time to Springs and Tuolumne being only 10 minutes by car. The police department's located in Vallejo in 1969 and early 1970, were situated extremely close to where the Zodiac Killer placed the call at Springs and Tuolumne. The Sheriff's Office was located at the junction of Virginia and Tuolumne Street, and the Vallejo Police Department at 111 Amador Street. So, if the Zodiac was giving directions in relation to these, then the distance east to Columbus Parkway is marginally over 2 miles. 
The Zodiac Killer could have made this phone call from anywhere, but decided to place himself only 667 meters from the Sheriff's Office (only 0.5 miles or one minute journey time by police car). Evidently a strange choice, unless your sheer bravado outweighs your fear of capture. Ironically, the Springs and Tuolumne payphone exactly bisected in distance the Sheriff's Office and the home of Arthur Leigh Allen at 32 Fresno Street, which sat 667 meters away.
The choice of payphone could be argued as a reason for the Zodiac not being a Vallejo resident, at least not recently, as he appeared unaware of a police station only yards from the intersection of Springs and Tuolumne. Or that he didn't do his homework. One can't help thinking that this payphone was chosen for a reason.​                   

Could it have been chosen to center police focus on Arthur Leigh Allen, similar in fashion to Don Cheney's attempts to implicate Allen to investigators. Or had the Zodiac Killer dumped his vehicle, weapon and possibly clothes at home nearby and walked to the payphone, thereby explaining the 40 minute time delay.
His claim in the 'Debut of Zodiac' letter, "When I hung the phone up the damn thing began to ring & that drew his attention to me + my car," may have been phrased in such a way as to not suggest he was on foot and had a residence nearby, deliberately tagging 'my car' to the end of the sentence, when totally unnecessary.  Again this could bring our focus back to Vallejo.
​The Zodiac Killer throughout his correspondence enjoyed needling the police, "Hey pig doesnt it rile you up to have your noze rubed in your booboos?
Curiously though, he missed the perfect opportunity, to not only embarass the police, but to make them public enemy number one, that would have likely surpassed all his other 'achievements'.
On July 17th 1969, only 13 days after the Blue Rock Springs murder, an almost unprecedented event occurred, when police and firefighters simultaneously went on a five day strike in Vallejo, the city's streets patroled by a skeleton crew of non union police. This seemed tailor made for a killer, who apparently kept up with current affairs and read the local newspapers for articles about himself. Bearing in mind Zodiac's first two attacks were on a Friday, here he was presented with Thursday through to Tuesday to stalk the dark streets almost unchallenged. Imagine the backlash toward police had he claimed a fourth or fifth victim during this period.
Was the killer closely allied with Vallejo, did he track the papers religiously or was he simply on holiday, returning fourteen days later to mail his first three letters on July 31st 1969. Either way it seemed a missed chance to taunt the police. 
To read the article '1969 Strike- A scary 5 days for Vallejo' click here.    

A few months ago, Alex Lewis secured a redacted document from the FBI regarding the sighting of an eight-year-old, in relation to the murder of taxicab driver Paul Stine on October 11th 1969. The document stated "Xenophon L Anthony, WMA, DOB 2/28/31, resides 3218 Jackson Street, San Francisco. For info ident division, San Francisco PD advised eight year old witness in murder of cab driver identified Anthony as possible subject in this matter". Nobody can verify Xenophon Anthony as the Zodiac Killer, he may simply have been identified close to the crime scene, or for that matter misidentified by the eight-year-old. But hypothetically, let us assume the eight-year-old was correct, and observed Xenophon Anthony in the proximity of the taxicab that fateful night.

The only way a child observing from the window of a residence can actually recognize somebody they knew, particularly at 9:58 pm at night, in less than ideal light conditions, is if they were viewing the unfolding events from a relatively close distance from the taxicab - in other words, a residence close by. The closest residence to the crime scene was 3898 Washington Street, actually overlooking the taxicab, situated less than 30 feet away and the perfect vantage point to correctly identity a subject known to the observer. The residence is also the most likely to be disturbed by a taxicab pulling up sharply, a muffled gunshot, or any form of commotion on the street. The three teenagers across the street, by whatever means, had their attention drawn to the unfolding drama, therefore it is perfectly logical that they may not have been the only ones. Crucially, a simple records check placed an 8 year and 2 months old boy resident at 3898 Washington Street on October 11th 1969. This, although not conclusive, is likely the eight-year-old mentioned in the FBI document.      

Alex Lewis is not convinced the Zodiac Killer entered the Presidio Park with good reason, however, the following will take the opposite stance and attempt to connect the killer's movements to 3218 Jackson Street, highlighted in the document on the right. In addition, reminding ourselves to the curious statements on the initial wanted poster.  

Whether or not Donald Fouke stopped the Zodiac is not important here, but the 'meeting' took place just shy of the Jackson and Maple intersection. Witnesses in Spruce Street, detailed in the San Francisco Chronicle on October 12th 1969, reported seeing a man running into Julius Khan playground. The description was so similar to the ones given by Donald Fouke and the three teenagers, it seems inconceivable that this was not the same person that left the taxicab moments earlier. The only way it can be argued that this man entering the park wasn't the killer, is if we dismiss the testimonies of the witnesses in Spruce Street, while choosing to believe Donald Fouke and the three teenagers. The descriptions of the murderer given at all three points in the journey, not only overlap closely, but are testimony to the exact direction taken by the killer. Firstly, 3898 Washington Street, secondly, Jackson Street and thirdly, Julius Khan playground. To dispel this final sighting, is to dispel them all. 

This is where the Zodiac Killer takes over in his November 9th 1969 Bus Bomb Letter. He charts his position throughout his entire journey, from the taxicab to the moment he left the park - almost like he was fitted with a GPS. It is important to note that sniffer dogs were assembled on the outskirts of the park at certain points. The area of Arguello Boulevard and the Julius Khan playground were two notable areas, in order for police to sweep west to east, and south to north, covering the entirety of the park. (see here). The route Zodiac took will be told in his own words.

1. "2 cops pulled a goof abot 3 min after I left the cab. I was walking down the hill to the park when this cop car pulled up". Donald Fouke corroborated this, stating he passed a WMA just past the intersection of Jackson and Maple, at a point exactly 3 minutes walking distance from the taxicab.
2. "I said yes there was this man who was runnig by waveing a gun & the cops peeled rubber + went around the corner as I directed them + I disappeared into the park a block + a half away never to be seen again".
One and a half blocks from the location of where Donald Fouke passed him, is Spruce Street. Zodiac stated he entered the park here, and several eyewitnesses agreed with him, even giving a near perfect description of him.        

3. "Hey blue pig I was in the park -- you were useing fire trucks to mask the sound of your cruzeing prowl cars. The dogs never came with in 2 blocks of me + they were to the west".
In view of the assembled sniffer dogs and activity along West Pacific Avenue, Zodiac had limited options, so headed east. The nearest dogs to Zodiac were the ones assembled by Julius Khan playground, so if they never came within two blocks of him, he must now have moved 2+ blocks east, by or just beyond Laurel Street.
You will notice Zodiac stated "there was only 2 groups of parking about 10 min apart". Here they were, two groups of police with sniffer dogs measured at 8 minutes separation by Google Maps.​

4. "then the motor cicles went by about 150 ft away going from south to north west".
With the dogs fanning across the park, Zodiac gives us his final position before exiting the park, somewhere by the white cross. Zodiac having last been seen entering Julius Khan playground, motorcycles were traveling down West Pacific Avenue towards Presidio Boulevard and circling the park, searching for the killer. This area provides plenty of coverage from the road and is approximately 150 feet away from any motorcycles passing by. He correctly states that the motorcycles would be travelling from south to northwest, along Presidio Boulevard. But where does the killer go now?

The Zodiac Killer can head east, but it can be noticed that his directions and bragging have inadvertently taken us right by the residence of 3218 Jackson Street. A quick exit across West Pacific Avenue, through either Walnut Street or Presidio Avenue, to Jackson Street, places him only a couple of hundred feet from the doorstep, if indeed this was the killer's residence. Of course Xenophon Anthony may not be the killer, in which case, the 'Bus Bomb' letter author has by sheer chance taken us on a guided tour through the park directly adjacent to his residence. This takes us to our final thoughts, regarding the wanted poster released on October 13th 1969.

The poster bearing the name Chief of Police Thomas J Cahill stated "Suspect takes cab in downtown area at 9.30 pm and sits in front seat with driver. Tells driver destination is Washington and Laurel area or area near park or Presidio. Upon reaching destination, suspect orders driver to continue on at gunpoint into or near park where he perpetrates robbery".  

​Considering two people were present in the taxicab on October 11th 1969, one of whom is dead and the other not available for interview, where did this information originate from. It may have been supposition based on a recent spate of taxicab attacks in San Francisco, however, the specific detailing of Laurel Street is noteworthy, in lieu of the absent trip sheet.

Assuming the killer had initially planned his murder on Washington Street and lived in the area, it would make sense to leave some form of 'buffer zone' from the site of the murder to his residence, a bare minimum of a block - preferably more - but all the time being wary of traveling any great distance on foot with the murder weapon and blooded shirt in tow. It's a delicate compromise.

It can be seen on the left and here on Google Maps that the intersection of Laurel and Washington Street is one block to Jackson Street, then one and a half blocks to 3218 Jackson Street, therefore not too close, and not too far, especially on foot, where time becomes more of a premium. It is actually a 5 minute journey.  If the information on the wanted poster has any origin in fact, then Zodiac certainly did overshoot his destination, but this time it would have been four blocks. Understandable if he is in the process of threatening a nervous taxicab driver.

Either way, the location of Washington Street, close to Presidio Park, would have provided the perfect contingency plan, to shelter from the police, if things didn't go to plan. Enter Donald Fouke and Eric Zelms. If we believe the Zodiac and Bus Bomb Letter, and the eyewitnesses in Spruce Street, then the likelihood he had a car parked up, somewhere by Jackson and Maple Street, is not likely. Once Donald Fouke and Eric Zelms had faded into the distance, all he had to do was locate his vehicle and drive off. Instead he headed to Spruce Street and through the park. But did he head for 3218 Jackson Street? ​        

There have remained questions over the authenticity of the '13 Hole' postcard mailed on October 5th 1970, particularly in light of the author claiming 13 victims for a second time. However, this may be the very reason the postcard is genuine Zodiac material. The 'Little List' letter claiming 13 victims, mailed by the Zodiac on July 26th 1970, was withheld from publication and not released until the San Francisco Chronicle released an article on October 12th 1970. So the Zodiac Killer by October 5th 1970 was either under the impression the 'Little List' letter was being withheld or had gone astray, hence a further communication reiterating 13 victims. There is something more important about this postcard that has yet to be fully explained - the reasoning behind the 'Fk' abbreviation, believed by some to be an expletive - but the answer may be much closer to home, bearing hallmarks of the Cheri Jo Bates murder in Riverside four years earlier.    

The Zodiac Killer has been argued to be responsible for the abduction and possible murder of Donna Ann Lass from outside the Sahara Tahoe Hotel and Casino on September 6th 1970. The 13 Hole Postcard was mailed twenty nine days later - so wouldn't it make more sense for this postcard to be somehow related, as the '13 Symbol' cipher correspondence mailed on April 20th 1970 should be related to the Kathleen Johns abduction on March 22nd 1970 in line with his earlier crimes and correspondence. In both instances a woman was seized against her will, and in both instances the following communication implied money. "I am mildly cerous as to how much money you have on my head now," and "There are reports city police pig cops are closeing in on me. Fk I'm crackproof. What is the price tag now?"

The Zodiac sent three coded segments in three letters on July 31st 1969 to the San Francisco Examiner, San Francisco Chronicle and Vallejo Times-Herald giving details of the first two crimes to police. The Zodiac Killer seemingly though still had a lot to prove to Police Chief Jack E. Stiltz, who was less than satisfied that the letter writer and killer were one and the same. On Saturday August 2nd 1969 in the San Francisco Chronicle, he requested the writer send a second letter "with more facts to prove it". Another Zodiac article featured the following day on Sunday August 3rd 1969 in the San Francisco Examiner. Jack E Stiltz was "still not convinced the letters and codes were written by the actual killer". The police chief "urged the writer to send more letters, with more facts to prove his connections to the crimes". The Zodiac responded immediately, detailing the Lake Herman Road and Blue Rock Springs attacks with greater clarity. He did exactly the same thing in the 'Bus Bomb' letter mailed on November 9th 1969, outlining his excursion into Presidio Park when challenged by Chief of Police Martin Lee.

The question remained, was the '13 Hole' postcard a response to the disappearance of Donna Lass? Shortly after her disappearance somebody rang her landlord and the casino to report Donna Lass had been called out to attend a family emergency. This in all likelihood was used to buy time, knowing that police will question family and friends first, before spreading their net wider afield. It appears the perpetrator may have known Donna Lass or was somehow connected to her. So to avoid any incriminating searches, the phone call may have been implemented to afford some breathing space. Additionally, it has become apparent she walked to work that evening from a previous residence, so her car was never parked outside the casino that night. If the perpetrator knew Donna Lass and the vehicle she drove, then a phone call to the casino implying she had been called out of town for a family emergency and would be away from work for a period, would be negated if her Chevrolet Camaro convertible was spotted sitting idle in the car park of the casino for any extended period. This may suggest she was carefully tracked that evening and the crime planned in advance. Was the killer close enough to Donna Lass to know her family lived in Beresford, South Dakota and the phone call had a better chance of buying time under these circumstances. The perpetrator also appeared to be fully aware of her shift details, as she vanished moments after changing from her nurses uniform into regular clothes.

The San Francisco Chronicle ran an article on the missing Donna Lass on September 26th 1970 entitled Nurse Vanishes...A Tahoe Mystery.  It stated "As the absence lengthened hotel officials contacted the South Lake Tahoe Police, who checked her apartment and could find no clue to her whereabouts. Relatives in Sioux Falls flew here a week ago".
So I suppose Zodiac's paraphrasing of the Mikado on July 26th 1970 stating "none of them will be missed" partly rang true, in the sense it bought him valuable time. The idea the Zodiac knew Donna Lass has its origin from the Letterman General Hospital, San Francisco, situated in the Presidio Park - the occupation she held prior to arriving in South Lake Tahoe just a few months earlier.          

The family after arriving in South Lake Tahoe would undoubtedly go through the usual appeals for information on the missing woman, and although the family would eventually offer a reward for any information, this came in early 1971 in the form of a cryptic poster and a 500 dollar reward. They also hired a private detective in the weeks after she vanished. What exact media appeals ensued in the month of September after her disappearance and to what extent, can only be imagined, but it could be argued the Zodiac clearly got wind of it.  Nine days after the San Francisco Chronicle article, the '13 Hole' postcard landed on their doorstep.

​This takes us back to "There are reports city police pig cops are closeing in on me. Fk I'm crackproof. What is the price tag now?" Could the killer, aware of the family's appeals to the media have responded personally. The thought has crossed many peoples minds that Fk may be somebody's initials. Had a police officer been quoted or a newspaper reporter written an article about the Zodiac Killer, suggesting the net was closing, and this was his response using the initials of the said person to reply? However, trawling every article on the Zodiac Killer has failed to throw up any possible name that fits with the initials, suggesting it may be wrong.

Gregory Haugevik, a Zodiac enthusiast, pointed out that the 'k' was not capitalized pouring serious doubts on the idea, unless of course the author simply had no capital 'K' to hand when pasting the card. Or in some subtle way, the lower case 'k' he used was a clue to the identity of the person he was addressing. The following may very well be incorrect, but this postcard was the first correspondence mailed by the Zodiac Killer after the disappearance of Donna Lass - and as stated above, it was mailed only nine days after the San Francisco Chronicle article - so in the absence of any reporter or police officer, is it likely the killer could be addressing the family of Donna Lass in his usual taunting manner. Donna Lass' father was James Lass and the maiden name of her mother was Frances Kukar - to become Frances Lass upon marriage.

"There are reports city police pig cops are closeing in on me. Frances Kukar, I'm crackproof. What is the price tag now?"  If the Zodiac Killer was aware of the maiden name, it may suggest him to be closer to the family than we dare to imagine, thereby casting a sinister overtone upon the card. On the other hand 'Fk' could simply mean F@@k.      

We as humans fall into patterns or habits that may last for months, years, or even a lifetime, depending on our circumstances at any given point. The Zodiac Killer may have changed weapons, vehicles or his residency during his reign of terror from December of 1968 to his eventual drift into complete anonymity, so the concept of this article is to focus in on the last three chronological attacks he committed or claimed to have committed. That of Paul Stine, murdered in Presidio Heights, San Francisco on October 11th 1969, the abduction of Kathleen Johns near Modesto five months later, on March 22nd 1970 and finally the murder of Richard Radetich on June 19th 1970, in his police car near 643 Waller Street, San Francisco. These three attacks spanned an eighth month period, after which no future crimes were ever directly claimed by the Bay Area Killer. Two of these three crimes deviated from his previous attacks, in the sense the killer actually positioned himself within the vehicle with the victim - as a passenger in Presidio Heights and as the driver on Highway 132, near Modesto. But are the crimes linked in any other way? What follows are slim pickings, however we shall proceed.   
  

A white car was noted precedent to the Lake Herman Road murders by several eyewitnesses, notably a 1959/60 Chevrolet Impala. The factory specifications show this 1960 model of Chevrolet was produced in Ermine White. The color has a distinctive brown hue, which is further enhanced under dim or artificial light conditions. Kathleen Johns described the assailant's vehicle as light tan.

On the same evening as the Kathleen Johns abduction, two men, Frederick Beaman and William Horton were traveling on Highway 132, near Highway 33 and Interstate 580, when a man passed them in a white 1959 Buick and continued about a mile down the road where he pulled up and attempted to flag them down. They continued on without stopping. The incident was reported to Sergeant Hall of the Stanislaus County Sheriff's Office on March 23rd 1970, the day after the Kathleen Johns abduction. They had read the abduction account in the Modesto Bee newspaper - and believing it to be relevant information - reported it to authorities. Whether these two vehicles are one and the same will never be known, however, three months later Richard Radetich was murdered and another white car would come into play.

The Zodiac Killer on April 20th 1970, in his '13 Symbol' cipher correspondence, intimated the murder of a policeman, stating "There is more glory in killing a cop than a cid because a cop can shoot back". Two months later, Richard Radetich was dead, gunned down by three shots from a .38 caliber revolver at point blank range through the driver side window of his vehicle while in the process of serving a parking ticket. A crime the Zodiac Killer would claim only seven days later. Curiously, a white car was spotted speeding away from the area of the murder that night. A gas station attendant recalled seeing a white Cadillac racing down Oak Street and entering Divisadero Street only 0.3 miles from the murder scene. Could this white car have been the one observed in the area of Highway 132? It's a stretch, so let us examine any parallels between the last two murders claimed by the Zodiac Killer, separated by only eight months and 2.5 miles. View here on Google Maps.

The Zodiac Killer traveled in Paul Stine's taxicab along Washington Street, yet when he exited from the crime scene and headed up Cherry Street, he effectively backtracked on himself. He headed east along Jackson Street, when he may as well have exited the taxicab at least one block earlier, the destination of Washington and Maple, written on the trip sheet. It's as though he had his plans changed by unforseen circumstances, or was leaving a 'buffer zone' to his vehicle or residence.
Parking his vehicle somewhere near to Jackson Street, to travel away to the theater district, then hail a taxicab to enable his return to Presidio Heights in order to commit a murder and make his escape by vehicle, has always seemed a convoluted way of perpetrating a crime. There are far easier ways of negotiating this crime.

The movements of the killer also suggested there was no vehicle lying in wait somewhere by Jackson Street, as eyewitness recollections and Zodiac ramblings in the Bus Bomb letter seem to indicate. Zodiac stated that he entered the park at Spruce Street "p.s. 2 cops pulled a goof abot 3 min after I left the cab. I was walking down the hill to the park when this cop car pulled up + one of them called me over + asked if I saw anyone acting suspicious or strange in the last 5 to 10 min + I said yes there was this man who was runnig by waveing a gun & the cops peeled rubber + went around the corner as I directed them + I disappeared into the park a block + a half away never to be seen again". This was corroborated by eyewitnesses in Spruce Street, who described a man similar in nature to the three teenagers and Donald Fouke, seen running into the Julius Khan playground entrance.               

The Zodiac Killer would further state in the Bus Bomb letter that "The dogs never came with in 2 blocks of me + they were to the west". The sniffer dogs were assembled by the Julius Khan playground, so at this point in time Zodiac had obviously moved eastwards by two blocks, now placing him in the bushes opposite Laurel Street. The dogs were fanning across the park from the north, west and south (by the park entrance). The Zodiac Killer had only one option - the one he had most likely already planned - to head for the safety of home and so continued eastwards. His final directional statement was "there was only 2 groups of parking about 10 min apart then the motor cicles went by about 150 ft away going from south to north west". The only possible vantage point that appears to corroborate this statement are the bushes and trees bordering Presidio Boulevard (see here). From here the motorcycles circling the Presidio Park would be 150 feet from Zodiac, traveling along Presidio Boulevard from the 'south to the nothwest'.

"The S.F. Police could have caught me last night if they had searched the park properly instead of holding road races with their motorcicles seeing who could make the most noise. The car drivers should have just parked their cars and sat there quietly waiting for me to come out of cover". But they didn't, so Zodiac took his opportunity once the motorcycles had passed and exited the park via Presidio Boulevard into the Cow Hollow region on the eastern flank of the park. Was the killer's residence close by? Now of course, this is speculation and we cannot know for sure, but the Zodiac Killer's statements, allied to the eyewitness observations by Spruce Street are the only tangible snippets we have to go on regarding the events of October 11th 1969. Well almost....     

The Paul Stine letter was mailed from the Inner Richmond area two days later, very close to Presidio Park. If indeed the Zodiac Killer lived in the Cow Hollow region bordering the park, this would certainly exhibit the least effort principle, where humans tend not to expend any extra energy to what is required - yet in the case of a serial killer using a measure of caution, applying a buffer zone to his activity is logical. In the case of Inner Richmond and Cow Hollow, this would be the bare minimum.

As stated earlier, a white Cadillac was observed speeding away from the Richard Radetich murder site, traveling on Oak Street, before turning north on Divisadero Street. The murderer had options after the killing, to travel east, west, north or south. The driver made three directional changes to enable a northerly heading on Divisadero Street. If the killer had proceeded north on Divisadero Street, he would eventually have passed Washington Street and Jackson Street into the Cow Hollow region on the eastern fringes of Presidio Park and aligned with the directional movements of the Zodiac Killer on October 11th 1969. It's weak, but it's all we have from the Zodiac and eyewitness testimony.

Finally, Alex Lewis secured the redacted FBI file naming Xenophon Anthony as a possible subject in the murder of Paul Stine on October 11th 1969, who resided at 3218 Jackson Street. This is the only subject named by an eyewitness regarding all four confirmed attacks - so from this standpoint it carries some measure of weight - although from here the trail appears to go cold again. 3218 Jackson Street however, is only 0.4 mile or 2 minutes west of Divisadero Street, and a stone's throw from Presidio Park.

The connections are weak, but the killer's movements are literally all we have to go on - and in both instances, that of the Richard Radetich and Paul Stine murder - a collision course somewhere along Jackson Street could be argued, along with a white vehicle, possibly identified three times inside of three months, from the Modesto abduction of Kathleen Johns to the murder of Richard Radetich by 643 Waller Street.

There are many basement properties along Divisadero Street, and steep inclines from at least two directions entering the intersections, so I wonder if the Zodiac stating "I have killed ten people to date. It would have been a lot more except that my bus bomb was a dud.  I was swamped out by the rain we had a while back" could be a consideration.
Throughout the Zodiac Killer's correspondence the focus would remain on the San Francisco Chronicle, but did he work in the area, live there or possibly both. The jury is out.

In a previous article it was shown how the Zodiac Killer began mailing his later correspondence further afield, beginning on March 13th 1971, when the Zodiac Killer mailed the 'Los Angeles' letter from Pleasanton, Alameda County. This was followed by the 1974 letters, including the 'Citizen Card', again mailed from Alameda County, along with the 'Red Phantom' letter, postmarked San Rafael, Marin County on July 8th 1974. All had Interstate 580 in common, suggesting that the Zodiac Killer may have been mailing his letters to and from particular locations, that tied in with the military bases of Alameda Naval Air Station and Naval Auxiliary Field Crows Landing - the latter of which is situated only 24 miles from the intersection of Highway 132 and Interstate 5, the area where Kathleen Johns was abducted on March 22nd 1970. The connection we were trying to formulate was a military angle, the killer's reasons for being at specific locations at particular times and murders that took place close by to certain major travel routes. The killer, if murdering on the fly, needs ease of access and egress if at all possible, especially when you have avoided near capture, as experienced on October 11th 1969. To catch up on the previous article visit  http://www.zodiacciphers.com/zodiac-news/en-route-to-san-francisco​   

The Zodiac Killer appeared to cease his murderous rampage by 1970, yet there were four murders, one abduction and a missing woman (likely murdered), all along one particular route - that of Interstate 5 and Interstate 80, which directly spans South Bird Road (the area of Kathleen Johns abduction), to the area where Donna Lass went missing from Stateline, Nevada on September 6th 1970, having finished her shift that day at the Sahara Tahoe Hotel. There were three murders in Sacramento.

Judith Hakari was a nurse at Sutter Hospital, who disappeared heading back to the Markston Apartments on March 7th 1970. Her body was later discovered by Ponderosa Way in Weimar, forty two miles away, along Interstate 80. Nancy Bennallack was murdered on October 25th 1970 in her apartment, just a stone's throw from where Judith Hakari lived, near Glendale Lane. Carol Beth Hilburn was murdered on November 14th 1970, last seen on Del Paso Boulevard and found on Ascot and 4th Street.  These two areas are bisected  by Interstate 80. Sandwiched in between these murders were the two abductions of Donna Lass and Kathleen Johns.

If we look at the relevant areas off Interstate 5 and Interstate 80, then we notice certain key features.
The site of Kathleen Johns abduction and where her vehicle was discovered burnt out, is only 1 mile or 2 minutes traveling time from Interstate 5. The residence of Judith Hakari and the area her body was discovered, not only were situated alongside Interstate 80, but Ponderosa Way is only 2 miles or 5 minutes from Interstate 80, and the Markston Apartments only 4 miles or 8 minutes from Interstate 80.  Regarding Carol Beth Hilburn, Del Paso Boulevard is only 2.2 miles or 5 minutes traveling time to Interstate 80, and Ascot and 4th Street only 3 miles or 7 minutes from Interstate 80.

Interstate 80 continues on to Lake Tahoe, near the area where Donna Lass went missing on September 6th 1970. Six and a half months after her disappearance, the Pines card was mailed to the San Francisco Chronicle, purportedly from the Zodiac Killer. The search for Donna Lass was badly affected by the inclement weather in the months after her disappearance, highlighted by Police Chief Ray Lauritzen from the outset "We don't know where we're going to begin. There's a four or five foot pack of snow out there and it's still snowing heavily". The Pines Card made reference to the snow, but in a sinister way inferred Donna Lass may be buried under it - hence the phrase 'around in the snow' being placed at ground level and pasted upside down. In a newspaper article it stated that the site depicted on the Pines Card was from an advertisement published the previous Sunday by several newspapers. It was an artist's rendition of houses among the trees at a project at Incline Village, near Clair Tappaan Lodge, Norden, California - the address of which happens to be 19940 Donner Pass Road. Whether this name and that of the missing woman is a coincidence is unknown. But again, Clair Tappaan Lodge is situated right alongside Interstate 80, only 2.3 miles or 4 minutes by car, suggesting somebody traveling this route would likely have been familiar with this area and may well, as the 'Pines Card' suggested, held clues to a burial site.

On December 27th 1974, a Christmas card was mailed to Mary Pilker, Donna Lass' sister, portraying trees covered in snow. Once opened it revealed a message that was part of the card itself  - 'Holiday Greetings and Best Wishes for a Happy New Year', followed by the handwriting "Best Wishes, St Donna & Guardian of the Pines".    

Here is the card and here is the street view in winter from Donner Pass Road, outside Clair Tappaan Lodge. 
On the 'Pines Card' mailed on March 22nd 1971, text on the card read;  [1] 'Sierra Club'  [2] 'Sought Victim 12'  [3] 'Peek through the pines'  [4] 'pass Lake Tahoe areas'  [5] 'around in the snow' (pasted upside down). 
If we were reading hidden clues from this correspondence and searching for a possible burial site, then we have to follow its directions from the last sighting  of Donna Lass at the Sahara Tahoe Hotel and Casino, and head towards the Clair Tappaan Lodge and the Sierra Club. 

California State Route 89 skirts the western shores of Lake Tahoe towards Truckee, California and passes many 'Lake Tahoe Areas' en route. It finally joins Interstate 80 only 1.5 miles or 3 minutes from Donner Memorial State Park, in memory of the ill fated Donner Party.
Again, whether this was Zodiac's intention to direct us to a 'Donner Memorial' using a play on words, is sheer speculation.
But this area and the site of Clair Tappaan Lodge would certainly lend weight to the phrase 'Peek through the pines', as the lodge is literally yards from Donner Pass Road. 

This brings us to the disappearance and ultimate murder of Phyllis O'Brien Carson on October 27th 1970 - a significant Zodiac date regarding the Halloween Card. Phyllis O'Brien Carson (32) was a young mother of four children, last seen after a night out at the Francis Truck Stop, French Camp, San Joaquin County, California. French Camp is a small community situated approximately ten minutes drive south of the town of Stockton CA and fifteen minutes north of Manteca CA. Since the construction of California State Route 120, Manteca had become a popular choice for workers from the main towns and cities, along with the Bay Area, as rising house prices forced people to search for cheaper alternatives. Interstate 5 and State Route 99 are integral commuter routes through California, with the I-5 the main highway on the west coast of America, linking to San Diego, Los Angeles and Sacramento. San Francisco lies 80 miles and a one-hour twenty minute drive due west from French Camp.

Phyllis had visited the popular bar, along with her brother and sister on October 27th 1970 - and later on during the evening placed a phone call to her home residence to check on her children, stating she was to receive a lift home from a friend. Sadly for Phyllis O'Brien Carson and her family, her journey home was never realized. She had vanished without a trace - that is until family members received the heartbreaking news just over three weeks later, on November 21st 1970, that her body had been discovered laying down an embankment near to Yettner Road, only five miles from the family residence. The cause of death and perpetrator remain unknown, but foul play was certain, as her body was partially clothed and seemingly thrown from a vehicle. However, robbery was apparently ruled out, as her belongings appeared untouched. Nobody from the bar has ever come forward to this day with a name of the mystery friend that Phyllis was supposed to have left with that night. 

Interstate 5 bisects French Camp and Yettner Road - and it can be seen here on Google Maps how close both locations are to the main thoroughfare. Both less than half a mile. Almost as though the killer in all the above circumstances is simply passing by these areas via a main highway, that he has traveled many times before - possibly as a result of his profession.

The Modesto abduction of Kathleen Johns, whether or not this has a Zodiac connection, provides the closest link, in that the perpetrator of this crime chose to subject his victim to what appeared to be an aimless drive around the countryside of Tracy, CA, after which she escaped to a nearby field. Where the abductor was ultimately heading may never be known, but Tracy CA, San Joaquin County is a mere 15 to 20 minute drive from Yettner Road and only 15 miles due west from Manteca CA. Therefore, a familiarity with the area remains plausible. This now takes us back to the military connection.

Running right by NASA Crows Landing is Interstate 5, which then intersects with Highway 132 only 24 miles north - a journey of 22 minutes by car. In fact, Interstate 5 joins Highway 132 (the route Kathleen Johns fatefully took that night) only 0.8 miles shy of where she was abducted and ultimately where her car was found burnt out, near Bird Road.

'McClellan Air Force Base (1935–2001) is a former United States Air Force base located in the North Highlands area of Sacramento County, 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Sacramento, California. NAS Fallon in Nevada was originally built in 1942 as part of a defensive network to repel a feared Japanese invasion of the west coast. It was soon taken over by the Navy for training use and has been used as such ever since with the exception of the period of 1946 to 1951, during which it was used by the Bureau of Indian Affairs. During the years prior to 1972, the base was known as Naval Auxiliary Air Station and was heavily used during the Vietnam War by various squadrons that rotated through the base before deploying to carriers headed for Vietnam.' Taken from Wikipedia. These military connections run from Patterson in Stanislaus County to the east of Lake Tahoe. NAS Fallon is located just south of Interstate 80.

If the Zodiac Killer was responsible for the Modesto abduction of Kathleen Johns and the disappearance of Donna Lass, are these observations enough to convince us that he is the responsible. These two areas span 160 miles. The question being, did the Zodiac Killer travel from the Bay Area (if he lived there) to simply commit his crimes and return - or was he likely stationed at any one of these military bases that punctuated Interstate 5 and Interstate 80. His profession may have involved him traveling between these bases, either as a member of the military, a supplier to the military or an independent contractor, but nevertheless, a profession that created perpetual mobility throughout these areas of California. Interstate 80 and Interstate 5 may have played a role with respect to certain serial killers, but was the Zodiac Killer one of them?