ZODIAC CIPHERS
RICHARD GRINELL, COVENTRY, ENGLAND
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STANDING AT THE GRAVESITE OF SNOOZY?

11/12/2024

 
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On October 22nd 1969 Eric Weill hijacked the Zodiac Killer's appearance on the Jim Dunbar TV Show and passed himself off as the infamous Bay Area murderer, effectively claiming responsibility for the canonical Zodiac murders by default. Three and a half months later, on February 5th 1970, Eric Weill would again contact the Jim Dunbar TV Show repeating the ruse. This was readily dismissed by Detective David Toschi, who confidently stated that "it was most certainly not Zodiac", with homicide detectives listening to the tape of the caller's voice and concluding that "Sam" was a phony The San Francisco Chronicle, the following day, ran with the appropriate headline of "Talk Shows 'Zodiac' Caller Called a Phony". It is with little doubt that the Zodiac Killer would have noticed these headlines of a second call.

​Fast forward to May 1971 when the Zodiac Killer mailed the 148 character cipher and letter. This communication arrived just after the arrest and questioning of Karl Francis Werner for the April 11th 1971 murder of Kathy Bilek in Saratoga, and the distant murders of Kathie Reyne Snoozy (15) and Debra Gaye Furlong (14) in San Jose on August 3rd 1969. This clearly irked the Zodiac Killer, who after claiming the murders of Snoozy and Furlong in his Dripping Pen card on November 8th 1969, saw Karl Francis Werner as another individual stealing victims from under his nose, just like Eric Weill on the Jim Dunbar TV Show. Encoded within his 148 character cipher he urged police to "stop listening to phonys", using the description given to Eric Weill by homicide detectives in the San Francisco Chronicle article on February 6th 1970. The Zodiac Killer was likening Karl Francis Werner to Eric Weill and calling them both "phonys".  

The Zodiac Killer was calling out Eric Weill in his 148 character cipher just as he had called him out in the 340 cipher, encrypting the wording "That wasn't me on the TV show". This shows that the author of the 148 character cipher had intrinsic knowledge to the contents of the 340 cipher plaintest, despite this cipher remaining unbroken for another 49 1/2 years. However, this wasn't the only thing that bound the two ciphers together under one author. 

The 148 character cipher and letter stated that he would "skin 3 little kids and make a suit from the skin" if his cipher was not printed on the front page of the newspaper. The July 31st 1969 letters demanded newspapers that they printed the 408 cipher "on the front page of your paper". The Dripping Pen card communication also requested that the 340 cipher be placed on the "frunt page". Every lengthy cipher/communication wanted front page coverage for his cryptic offerings. But crucially, both the 340 cipher/Dripping Pen card and 148 character cipher were bound together through two victims. The Dripping Pen card inflated the known victim count from five to seven, adding "Aug" to the chronological list of months by including the murders of Snoozy and Furlong on August 3rd 1969 in San Jose. The 148 character cipher also included Snoozy and Furlong, along with Kathy Bilek, when he threatened to "skin 3 little kids and make a suit from the skin". The Zodiac Killed claimed he would "skin 3 little kids and make a suit from the skin" and "send a patch of human skin if there is some left over", but neither of these statements mentioned the potential murder of three kids. That is because he was referring to the three previous murder victims of Kathie Snoozy, Debra Furlong and Kathy Bilek.  ​

PictureEdward Theodore Gein
​Edward Theodore Gein, dubbed "The Butcher of Plainfield", was found guilty in the first degree murder of Bernice Worden (58), who was abducted and later found hung and decapitated in a shed on Gein's property. Although he was only convicted of one murder and found criminally insane, Edward Gein was believed to have killed many more, including Mary Hogan (51), Georgia Weckler (8) and Evelyn Hartley (15). Called the "House of Horrors", his property in Plainfield, Wisconsin revealed the true depravity of an individual who had lost touch with reality, when detectives found a lampshade made from a human face, a waste basket made from human skin, a corset made from a female torso and bowls made from human skulls, to name just a few of the devilish offerings.

His mother, Augusta Wilhelmine Gein (who died on December 29th 1945), was a domineering woman with an intense hatred for females, but whose death from a stroke left Edward Gein devastated and alone in the farmhouse. Soon after his mother's death, Gein began to create a "woman suit" so that "he could become his mother and literally crawl into her skin". He would achieve this by exhuming the bodies of recently deceased middle-aged women from local graveyards and using their skin to fashion his grizzly creations. The Zodiac Killer, who must have been aware of the Ed Gein story, clearly ran with this concept and threatened to exhume the bodies of Kathie Snoozy, Debra Furlong and Kathy Bilek, and "make a suit from the skin", just as Ed Gein had sourced graveyards for his skin. It's doubtful that the Zodiac Killer was ever going to follow up on this macabre threat, but he may have come close.

PictureMurdered on April 11th 1971
​On July 13th 1971, the Monticello communication was mailed by the Zodiac Killer, insinuating the murder of Kathy Bilek (18), who died in the Villa Montalvo woods on April 11th 1971, by using the burial site of her phonetic namesake Kathie Snoozy (15), who was murdered alongside her friend Debra Furlong (14) in San Jose on August 3rd 1969. The Zodiac Killer included the following message into the correspondence, pasting the newspaper text of "Near Monticello Shought Victims 21 ... In The Woods Dies April". Kathy Bilek was murdered "near Monticello" in the Villa Montalvo "woods" on "April" 11th 1971. Kathie Snoozy was buried at the Oak Hill Memorial Cemetery "near the Villa Montalvo woods" in the "Monticello" neighborhood of San Jose. The Zodiac Killer chose the location of "Monticello" to bind together the murders of Kathy Bilek, Kathy Snoozy and Debra Furlong - the latter two of which he had claimed on November 8th 1969 in the Dripping Pen card.

Just over two years later, on September 18th 1973, somebody removed a tombstone from the Oak Hill Memorial Cemetery in Monticello at First Street & Curtner Avenue, and deposited it at the gated front entrance. The tombstone had the pseudonym "Zodiac" written on it in crayon. There are good reasons to believe the Zodiac Killer committed this unsavoury act, because we know that the Zodiac Killer had a vested interest in the murder of Kathie Snoozy and the location of her burial site. Of all the places in America (or California) this could have occurred, somebody just happened to remove a tombstone from the Oak Hill Memorial Cemetery in Monticello and write "Zodiac" on it, despite the Monticello card never being released into the public domain. The card has been known to researchers in recent times, but was certainly not public knowledge on September 18th 1973. The person who removed the tombstone from the Oak Hill Memorial Cemetery in Monticello must have been the Zodiac Killer. The body of Kathie Snoozy wasn't exhumed in 1973, but the Zodiac Killer may have stood just six feet away from a victim he once claimed.. 

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148 character cryptogram
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The accompanying letter to the 148 character cryptogram, courtesy of Howard Davis
Rubislaw32 link
11/12/2024 10:24:37 am

The tombstone story is a fascinating one, Richard, and certainly possible that it was a frustrated Zodiac at play. September 18th 1973 is just 7 weeks following the Albany letter & cryptogram, where there is a good chance of the Zodiac having surfaced for the first time in over two years (as the Zodiac).

The September 1971 conviction of Werner for the three girls, just about blew the Zodiac's credibility, and retrospectively marked the end of his Bay area terror campaign.

Richard
11/12/2024 10:51:53 am

That is correct Rubislaw. And the Albany letter had some overlapping ciphertext symbols only used in the 148 character cipher and Albany code, including the "sun cross" symbol that Zodiac signed off the 148 character cipher and letter. The "sun cross" representing "Z" in the 148 character code. And don't forget that the ciphertext character "7" in both codes represented the letter "A". What are the chances of two separate authors mailing malicious communications, separated by 2 years, both claiming to be Zodiac, both mailing codes, both using a "sun cross" that Zodiac had never used before, and both authors using the ciphertest "7" for the letter "A". The chances are practically zero. I don't want to sound bullish Rubislaw, but I have zero doubt on the validity of both the Monticello card and 148 character cipher. And therefore the Albany letter too. As I've said before, none of this analysis will make any difference to certain individuals, who apply a wholly different standard to accepting these communications over the standard they apply to the "authenticated letters", where they literally require little to no proof. I've come to accept this double standard, so now plough my own field, and just declare something genuine if I believe its passed a required threshold.

Absolutely Rubi, the park ranger (and female eyewitness) who were given a reward for their hand in identifying Karl Francis Werner, put an end to the longest standing false claim by Zodiac.

Rubislaw32 link
11/12/2024 11:11:13 am

Me Too, Richard, on the Monticello. Z148 and Albany.

It's just that I think the FBI have messed with the Albany cryptogram solution - possibly a retrieval of an idea going back around 7 years ago, to link it to an inferred ALA connection. A red herring at play ? CA DOJ ought to have FBI's number, on that.

Richard
11/12/2024 11:32:30 am

The biggest thing I question about the Albany code Rubi, is that "Connie ( ) Henly" appears the likeliest answer based on Dave Oranchak's analysis of the presented code. I 1973, it wouldn't have been difficult to find out the name of an employee/nurse working at the Albany Medical Center to threaten them. Threatening a real person carries weight for the Zodiac Killer and creates urgency for the police, whereas, if the name "Connie ( ) Henly" was fictitious and didn't work at the Albany Medical Center, the threat falls flat. Yet nobody in 51 years has ever found a nurse or employee called Connie ( ) Henly ever working there. Either our searches are inadequate or the first part of the code reads differently. Was the code changed to protect the real name of the employee? It's a question worth asking.

Rubislaw32 link
11/12/2024 11:55:26 am

Yes - I don't doubt Connie Henley was the only realistic answer Doranchak could have come up with. But the rest of what the FBI did, and why, is a bit of a mystery.

The tombstone spot is a potentially marvelous find. I personally think the Zodiac's primary home was Los Angeles, for all three Monticello, Z148 and Albany. And, would have driven up to perform the tombstone ''stunt''.

Sam
11/13/2024 12:36:06 pm

I think the 148 character cipher is Zodiac. The cross symbol turns out to be an "H", just as in the 340 character cipher. I think the coincidence of that is just to high to be random. Also notice the number three in the cipher, the number three pops up many times throughout the case for example three ciphers sent on 8/1/69 the Z340 was broken into three sections.

Rubislaw32 link
11/14/2024 02:32:57 am

Your observations are interesting, Sam.

I have always believed that the Z148 was originally planned as larger than the 148 cipher text characters on display. The Zodiac grew tired of concentrating on writing them out - and after 148 of them, decided to just offer the plain text solution for the remainder of the message (i.e.....I'll do it because I done it 21 times...).

The original cipher was probably larger than a ''340'', but smaller than a ''408''. And what distinguished it from those other two ciphers was:

1) Zodiac did not deploy polyphones, as he had done in Z408 and Z340. Making it slightly easier to solve.

2) Zodiac employed some numbers instead of alphabetic letters. e.g 3, 21....and the three ''because's'' probably were presented as '' 1 3 CAUSE''. And, it is this idea from the Zodiac that gave the ''Z148'' something unique.

Rubislaw32 link
11/14/2024 02:38:15 am

Correction: '' BECAUSE '' = '' 1 3 ECAUSE ''.

Rubislaw32 link
11/14/2024 02:44:27 am

So, one could postulate, with reasonable confidence, that the Zodiac allocated the numbers 1, 2 and 3 - as well as the letters of the alphabet, for his ''plain text pool''.

Rubislaw32 link
11/14/2024 02:59:52 am

''Superb'' and classic Zodiac, for the Zodiac purist:

'' ILL NERVER GIVE MY NAME''

Sam
11/15/2024 12:31:21 am

Good observations! For whatever reason and I think he may have wanted it to be easier to solve since by that time the 340 hadn't been solved I think that may be the case, but like many things not sure exactly.

Richard
11/15/2024 12:42:40 am

That is bang on, he wanted it solved because of the difficulty his 340 cipher created for people. The contemporary natural of his 340 cipher showed that he expected it solved, so when it wasn't, he reverted back to the simplicity of the 408 cryptogram. The rushed nature of this communication suggests that Zodiac wanted to deliver this immediately after he read the April 30th 1971 newspaper articles on the arrest and questioning of Werner. If the envelope to this letter is ever released, I have no doubt it will be early May. Around May 2nd or 3rd.

Rubislaw32 link
11/15/2024 01:51:40 am

Interesting, Richard - about 3 weeks following Kathy Bilek's murder.

The Z148 and ''accompanying'' words, appear to show the Zodiac in ''quiet desperation''. With such phrases as ''I'll nerver give my name''. A contrast to a more up-beat Zodiac offering his name in a cryptogram (Z13), the year before (1970).

The Zodiac hadn't shown himself to be as ''down on his luck'' since the Belli letter, with his plea for help. ''Proof positive'' of a manic depressive'' (Bipolar) up and down in temperament, like a yo-yo.

Rubislaw32 link
11/15/2024 03:22:36 am

With regards to the plain text solution to ''Z148'' specifically:

I think his opening line is quite deliberate, and actually reads:

TIS THE ZODIAC'S PEACE KING

The Zodiac's intention is to open his message with something ''conciliatory'' . But, he can't hold the frustrated in him for very long, and starts nose-diving into bitterness and acrimony.

A ''Strange case of the Zodiac and his Peace King'' ?

Richard
11/15/2024 04:51:44 am

The statement of "I'll nerver give my name" tells us that either the Z13 is a false name or a statement. It could be argued that giving a false name is pretty pointless, and doesn't require a dash after "My name is". The dash could be the name, and the Z13 the message.Irrespective of all the proposed solutions, Zodiac's statement in May 1971 effectively rules out his genuine name appearing in the 13 symbol code. He could be lying, but somehow I doubt it. There was nothing to be gained by him destroying the notion of a real name being found in the code, even if this belief was only held by a few.

Rubislaw32 link
11/15/2024 08:22:14 am

I certainly take your point, Richard, believing the Zodiac never actually left his name - at least not in full, anyway.

But, I have proffered a number of names that he did leave, either as titles, references or inferences of another name. And understand, naturally, that there won't be proof until he is judicially processed, believing him to be still alive (around 80, now).

One ''inference'' from what I believe he left in Z13 is the title: Son of The Mighty Caliph - which is what Ali Baba was known as, in film version only (The Sword of Ali Baba, 1965).

Son of The Mighty Caliph ? Even if I was right - who then is The Mighty Caliph, to the Zodiac ? Herb Caen, maybe, in a figurative sense. So even if I was right, there is still ''puzzle work'' to go.

Yes - I think the solutions to his name offered, were always ''open-ended'', anyway.

Johnny
11/13/2024 03:17:38 pm

Have you seen Rick ( and others ) that Paul Doerr sometimes tells that he's from Vallejo in his newspaper letters? I guess you have, but here is an example: https://books.google.se/books?id=2LwqcjrH7_QC&pg=PA6&dq=%22paul+doerr%22&hl=sv&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjew8ift9qJAxVJGBAIHY-FAAwQ6AF6BAgIEAI#v=onepage&q=%22paul%20doerr%22&f=false

Can't do any better link, sorry!


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